Tuesday, September 26, 2023

HTML HSL and HSLA Colors

   HTML HSL and HSLA Colors

HSL stands for hue, saturation, and lightness.

HSLA color values are an extension of HSL with an Alpha channel (opacity).

HSL Color Values

In HTML, a color can be specified using hue, saturation, and lightness (HSL) in the form:

hsl(hue, saturation, lightness)

Hue is a degree on the color wheel from 0 to 360. 0 is red, 120 is green, and 240 is blue.

Saturation is a percentage value. 0% means a shade of gray, and 100% is the full color.

Lightness is also a percentage value. 0% is black, and 100% is white.

Experiment by mixing the HSL values below:

Example:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 50%);">hsl(0, 100%, 50%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(240, 100%, 50%);">hsl(240, 100%, 50%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(147, 50%, 47%);">hsl(147, 50%, 47%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(300, 76%, 72%);">hsl(300, 76%, 72%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(39, 100%, 50%);">hsl(39, 100%, 50%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(248, 53%, 58%);">hsl(248, 53%, 58%)</h1>

</body>
</html>

A new web page opens as shown below:

Saturation

Saturation can be described as the intensity of a color.

100% is pure color, no shades of gray.

50% is 50% gray, but you can still see the color.

0% is completely gray; you can no longer see the color.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 50%);">hsl(0, 100%, 50%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 80%, 50%);">hsl(0, 80%, 50%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 60%, 50%);">hsl(0, 60%, 50%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 40%, 50%);">hsl(0, 40%, 50%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 20%, 50%);">hsl(0, 20%, 50%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 0%, 50%);">hsl(0, 0%, 50%)</h1>

<p>With HSL colors, less saturation mean less color. 0% is completely gray.</p>

</body>
</html>

A new web page opens as shown below:

Lightness

The lightness of a color can be described as how much light you want to give the color, where 0% means no light (black), 50% means 50% light (neither dark nor light), and 100% means full lightness (white).

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 0%);">hsl(0, 100%, 0%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 25%);">hsl(0, 100%, 25%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 50%);">hsl(0, 100%, 50%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 75%);">hsl(0, 100%, 75%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 90%);">hsl(0, 100%, 90%)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(0, 100%, 100%);">hsl(0, 100%, 100%)</h1>

<p>With HSL colors, 0% lightness means black, and 100 lightness means white.</p>

</body>
</html>

A new web page opens as shown below:

HSLA Color Values

HSLA color values are an extension of HSL color values, with an Alpha channel — which specifies the opacity for a color.

An HSLA color value is specified with:

hsla(hue, saturation, lightness, alpha)

The alpha parameter is a number between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (not transparent at all):

Experiment by mixing the HSLA values below:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.2);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.2)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.4);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.4)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.6);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.6)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.8);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 0.8)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 1);">hsla(9, 100%, 64%, 1)</h1>

</body>
</html>

A new web page opens as shown below:

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Monday, September 25, 2023

HTML HEX Colors

                               HTML HEX Colors

A hexadecimal color is specified with: #RRGGBB, where the RR (red), GG (green) and BB (blue) hexadecimal integers specify the components of the color.

HEX Color Values

In this style, we define the color in 6 digit hexadecimal numbers (from 0 to F).

In HTML, a color can be specified using a hexadecimal value in the form:

#rrggbb

Where rr (red), gg (green) and bb (blue) are hexadecimal values between 00 and ff (same as decimal 0–255).

For example, #ff0000 is displayed as red, because red is set to its highest value (ff), and the other two (green and blue) are set to 00.

Another example, #00ff00 is displayed as green, because green is set to its highest value (ff), and the other two (red and blue) are set to 00.

To display black, set all color parameters to 00, like this: #000000.

To display white, set all color parameters to ff, like this: #ffffff.

Experiment by mixing the HEX values below:

Example:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1 style="background-color:#ff0000;">#ff0000</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#0000ff;">#0000ff</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#3cb371;">#3cb371</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#ee82ee;">#ee82ee</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#ffa500;">#ffa500</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#6a5acd;">#6a5acd</h1>

</body>
</html>

A new webpage opens as shown below with different hex values:

Shades of Gray

Shades of gray are often defined using equal values for all three parameters:

Example:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1 style="background-color:#404040;">#404040</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#686868;">#686868</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#a0a0a0;">#a0a0a0</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#bebebe;">#bebebe</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#dcdcdc;">#dcdcdc</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#f8f8f8;">#f8f8f8</h1>

</body>
</html>

A new webpage opens as shown below with different hex values of gray:

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Sunday, September 24, 2023

HTML Color Values

                          HTML Color Values

In HTML, colors can also be specified using RGB values, HEX values, HSL values, RGBA values, and HSLA values.

The following three <div> elements have their background color set with RGB, HEX, and HSL values:

Color Values
<html>
<body>

<p>Same as color name "Green":</p>

<h1 style="background-color:rgb(27, 216, 30);">rgb(27, 216, 30)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:#18c02e;">18c02e</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsl(107, 79%, 38%);">hsl(107, 79%, 38%)</h1>

<p>Same as color name "Green", but 50% transparent:</p>
<h1 style="background-color:rgba(39, 169, 18, 0.5);">rgba(39, 169, 18, 0.5)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:hsla(117, 81%, 38%, 0.5);">hsla(117, 81%, 38%, 0.5)</h1>

<p>In addition to the predefined color names, colors can be specified using RGB, HEX, HSL, or even transparent colors using RGBA or HSLA color values.</p>

</body>
</html>

This is how one colour is specified by the colour values.

Now let us learn about rgb and rgba colors.

HTML RGB and RGBA Colors

An RGB color value represents RED, GREEN, and BLUE light sources.

An RGBA color value is an extension of RGB with an Alpha channel (opacity).

RGB Color Values

In HTML, a color can be specified as an RGB value, using this formula:

rgb(red, green, blue)

Each parameter (red, green, and blue) defines the intensity of the color with a value between 0 and 255.

This means that there are 256 x 256 x 256 = 16777216 possible colors!

For example, rgb(255, 0, 0) is displayed as red, because red is set to its highest value (255), and the other two (green and blue) are set to 0.

Another example, rgb(0, 255, 0) is displayed as green, because green is set to its highest value (255), and the other two (red and blue) are set to 0.

To display black, set all color parameters to 0, like this: rgb(0, 0, 0).

To display white, set all color parameters to 255, like this: rgb(255, 255, 255).

Experiment by mixing the RGB values below:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1 style="background-color:rgb(255, 0, 0);">rgb(255, 0, 0)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:rgb(0, 0, 255);">rgb(0, 0, 255)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:rgb(150, 196, 25);">rgb(60, 179, 113)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:rgb(239, 235, 21);">rgb(238, 130, 238)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:rgb(187, 90, 5);">rgb(255, 165, 0)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:rgb(204, 54, 169);">rgb(106, 90, 205)</h1>

</body>
</html>

This is how the RGB color parameters are set to different values and below is the output:

RGBA Color Values

RGBA color values are an extension of RGB color values with an Alpha channel — which specifies the opacity for a color.

An RGBA color value is specified with:

rgba(red, green, blue, alpha)

The alpha parameter is a number between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (not transparent at all):

Experiment by mixing the RGBA values below:

Example:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1 style="background-color:rgba(15, 18, 16, 0);">rgba(255, 99, 71, 0)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.2);">rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.2)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.4);">rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.4)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.6);">rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.6)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.8);">rgba(255, 99, 71, 0.8)</h1>
<h1 style="background-color:rgba(255, 99, 71, 1);">rgba(255, 99, 71, 1)</h1>

</body>
</html>

This is how the RGBA color parameters are set to different values and below is the output:


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