Monday, September 11, 2023

HTML Attributes

HTML Attributes

HTML attributes provide additional information about HTML elements.

HTML Attributes

All HTML elements can have attributes
Attributes provide additional information about elements
Attributes are always specified in the start tag
Attributes usually come in name/value pairs like: name=”value”

The href Attribute

The <a> tag defines a hyperlink. The href attribute specifies the URL of the page the link goes to:

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>
            My website>

        </title>

    </head>
    <body>

        <a href="https://medium.com" 
        target ="_blank"
        title = "Goes to google">
        click me</a>

        <br>

        <a href = "lyrics.html">
        song lyrics
        </a>

        <br>

        <a href="test@fake.com">
        email me
        </a>

        
    </body>


</html>

Webpage opened in browser and it contains 3 hyperlinks. So after clicking on song lyrics, another webpage opens as it is shown below:

The src Attribute

The <img> tag is used to embed an image in an HTML page. The src attribute specifies the path to the image to be displayed:

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>
            Dog
        </title>
    </head>

    <body>

        <h1>This is a cute dog</h1>
        <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog">
        <img src="images/dog.jfif"
        alt="This is a picture of a dog"
        height ="200">
        </a>

        <img src = "images/cutedog.gif"
        alt="dog"
        height="200">


        
        <h3>woof woof!</h3>
        
    </body>
</html>

This is how a new webpage opens and it displays the images of cute dog.

Let us continue remaining html attributes in the next medium story.

Saturday, September 9, 2023

HTML Elements

HTML Elements

Some HTML elements have no content (like the <br> element). These elements are called empty elements. Empty elements do not have an end tag!

Nested HTML Elements

HTML elements can be nested (this means that elements can contain other elements).

All HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements.

The following example contains four HTML elements (<html>, <body>, <h1> and <p>):

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

Example Explained

The <html> element is the root element and it defines the whole HTML document.

It has a start tag <html> and an end tag </html>.

Then, inside the <html> element there is a <body> element:

<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>

The <body> element defines the document's body.

It has a start tag <body> and an end tag </body>.

Then, inside the <body> element there are two other elements: <h1> and <p>:

<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>

The <h1> element defines a heading.

It has a start tag <h1> and an end tag </h1>:

<h1>My First Heading</h1>

The <p> element defines a paragraph.

It has a start tag <p> and an end tag </p>:

<p>My first paragraph.</p>

Never Skip the End Tag

Some HTML elements will display correctly, even if you forget the end tag:

Example

<html>
<body>

<p>This is a paragraph
<p>This is a paragraph

</body>
</html>

Empty HTML Elements

HTML elements with no content are called empty elements.

The <br> tag defines a line break, and is an empty element without a closing tag:

Example

<p>This is a <br> paragraph with a line break.</p>

HTML is Not Case Sensitive

HTML tags are not case sensitive: <P> means the same as <p>.

The HTML standard does not require lowercase tags, but it is recommended to use lowercase in HTML, and demands lowercase for stricter document types like XHTML.

Friday, September 8, 2023

HTML BASIC

HTML BASIC

HTML Documents

All HTML documents must start with a document type declaration: <!DOCTYPE HTML>.

The HTML document itself begins with <html> and ends with </html>.

The visible part of the HTML document is between <body> and </body>.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration represents the document type, and helps browsers to display web pages correctly.

It must only appear once, at the top of the page (before any HTML tags).

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not case sensitive.

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration for HTML5 is:

<!DOCTYPE html>

HTML Headings

HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.

<h1> defines the most important heading. <h6> defines the least important heading:

Example

<h1>This is heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is heading 3</h3>

HTML Paragraphs

HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag:

Example

<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>

HTML Links

HTML links are defined with the <a> tag:

<a href="https://bhavithacherukuri.blogspot.com/">click me</a>

The link’s destination is specified in the html attribute.

Attributes are used to provide additional information about HTML elements.

HTML Images

HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.

The source file (src), alternative text (alt), width, and height are provided as attributes:

Example

<img src="dog.jpg" alt="dogs.com" width="104" height="142">

Thursday, September 7, 2023

HTML EDITORS

HTML EDITORS

An HTML element is defined by a start tag, some information that you want to write, and an end tag:

<tagname> Content goes here… </tagname>

The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:

<h1>My First Heading</h1>

<p>My first paragraph.</p>

Web Browsers

The purpose of a web browser (Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari) is to read HTML documents and display them correctly.

A browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses them to determine how to display the document:

HTML EDITORS

We can use NOTEPAD or NOTEPAD++ or VISUAL STUDIO CODE CODE for writing html tags and for creating web pages.

Beginners can use NOTEPAD as it is simple editor as it is good way for learning.

Write the HTML code as shown below:

Now create a new folder on your desktop and save this file.

Now save the html file

Now go to the folder and double click on the file that you have saved. Then the page opens in the browser.

This is how you create web page using html.

Friday, August 25, 2023

HTML Introduction

HTML Introduction

HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages.

What is HTML?

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages
HTML describes the structure of a Web page
HTML consists of a series of elements
HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content
HTML elements label pieces of content such as “this is a heading”, “this is a paragraph”, “this is a link”, etc.

Sample HTML Document

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

Example Explained

The <!DOCTYPE HTML>declaration defines that this document is an HTML5 document
The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML page
The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown in the browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a container for all the visible contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.
The <h1> element defines a large heading
The <p> element defines a paragraph